植物免疫诱导剂在草莓中的应用情况

为了助力实现草莓的安全生产,对一类能诱导植物产生免疫防御反应的植物免疫诱导剂在草莓中的应用情况进行综述。主要阐述了植物免疫诱导剂的种类、诱导机理及其在草莓栽培上的应用现状,发现:植物免疫诱导剂能促进草莓生长和发育、诱导抗病性、提高产量、改善果实品质、提高耐贮性等,从而减少了化学农药的使用,有利于草莓高质量生产,应用前景广阔。     

The effects of various plant protection methods on the development of Zymoseptoria tritici and Cephalosporium gramineum,grain yield and protein profile

Septoria leaf blotch progresses rapidly, leading to the development of Zymoseptoria titici forms resistant to fungicides. Cephalosporium stripe is caused by Cephalosporium gramineum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of selected pesticides in limiting the symptoms of both diseases on winter wheat leaves, and to determine their influence on grain yield and the content and composition of protein fractions in wheat kernels. Propiconazoles were most effective in inhibiting the development of Septoria leaf blotch (symptoms were reduced from 54.7% to 78.6%). Strobilurins were less effective due to the presence of isolates with the G143A mutation. Symptoms of Cephalosporium stripe were rarely observed, and protective treatments did not reduce their severity. The highest content of grain protein (14.81%) was found in plants most intensely protected with the fungicides containing fenpropimorph, pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole. The principal component analysis revealed that the plant protection method influenced the grain protein profile. The accumulation of HMW glutenins and α/β gliadins was mutually interrelated and higher in high-input treatments; control grain was characterized by close relationships between ω-gliadins, LMW glutenins, albumins and globulins, whereas low-input treatments influenced mostly γ-gliadins.     

分流叶片对高速井泵压力脉动的影响

针对高速井泵采用分流叶片设计带来的稳定性问题,运用Creo3.0软件建立了叶轮、导叶等关键零件的三维模型;在CFX数值模拟数据与外特性试验数据吻合较好的基础上,将分流叶片的进口直径d₁与叶轮外径D₂的比值定义为一个表达分流叶片综合特性参数的量纲一化系数σ.σ分别取值0.60,0.62,0.65,设计分流叶片长短不同的3个叶轮方案,且对各方案的动静干涉区域进行了详细的压力脉动数值模拟计算及分析.结果表明:压力脉动幅值大小与监测点和交界面的径向距离有关,径向距离越大,压力脉动幅值越小;各监测点压力脉动随分流叶片长度的减小逐渐减弱,当分流叶片长度减小到某一临界值以后,压力脉动基本保持不变;当σ=0.62时,压力脉动幅值较小,脉动周期清晰;除中流线上的监测点以外,各监测点压力脉动主频受叶轮叶频的影响较大,分流叶片对中流线上监测点的压力脉动影响较大.     

有摩擦的高速气体管流

本文以多变热力过程为基础建立了有摩擦管路的计算公式,并对计算方法和有关问题作了分析说明.     

某高铁隧道小口径井抽水试验探讨

指出了在某高铁隧道勘察中采用小口径抽水试验方法,具有操作简单便捷,成本低的优势。通过小口径井抽水试验查明场地的水文地质条件,得出了水文地质原始数据资料,根据单孔稳定流承压水非完整井的水文地质实际情况,选取合适的公式分别计算出了隧道岩层渗透系数及影响半径,为高铁隧道的勘察设计及顺利施工提供参考。     

微型离心泵诱导轮与叶轮轴向距离匹配特性

诱导轮与叶轮匹配不合理,是影响微型离心泵运行稳定性的原因之一。为了研究诱导轮与叶轮之间的轴向距离(简称为轴向距离)的匹配对离心泵性能的影响,该文以一台前置诱导轮离心泵为研究对象,采用数值方法定量分析了不同轴向距离对离心泵能量特性、汽蚀特性和压力脉动特性的影响。选取5种轴向距离,分别为0.1S,0.5S,1.0S、1.5S和2.0S(S为诱导轮轴向长度与叶栅稠密度的比值),对离心泵进行三维流场数值预测。结果表明,轴向距离增加后,扬程和效率均有所增加,汽蚀余量降低,但叶轮内压力脉动幅值升高。其中,在额定工况下,当轴向距离增大至1.0S时,扬程提高了0.61m,效率提高了5.8%,临界汽蚀余量降低了0.4m;轴向距离继续增大后,各项性能变化不大。综合分析认为,轴向距离为1.0S时,诱导轮与叶轮的匹配性能最佳,有利于离心泵稳定运行。研究结果可为微型离心泵诱导轮与叶轮的匹配设计提供参考。     

化学诱抗剂在控制甜瓜采后病害中的应用及其作用机制的研究进展

介绍了化学诱抗剂在甜瓜果实采后病害控制中的应用,分别从活性氧代谢、苯丙烷代谢、细胞结构及病程相关蛋白四个方面综述化学诱抗剂对甜瓜果实采后贮藏病害的作用机制,并重点从分子生物学层面对化学诱抗剂控制甜瓜果实采后贮藏病害作用机制的研究进行了展望,以期为防控甜瓜采后病害,延长其贮藏期提供理论基础和技术参考。     

插秧机作业面积测量远程监测系统软件设计——基于VisualBasic.NET 2010

为实现对插秧机作业区域自动识别和作业面积的自动测量,实时掌握跨区作业插秧机远程作业面积参量值,以VisualStudio平台上的VisualBasic.NET2010为开发环境,开发了一套高速插秧机跨区作业面积远程测量监测系统软件。该软件功能主要包括GPS定位轨迹及作业区域的识别、面积测量、数据通讯、数据显示和数据存贮。系统采用VisualBasic.NET2010语言进行开发,将远程跨区作业的插秧机面积测量监测数据经由GPRS网络进行无线传输到上位机,并采用SOCKET组件和ADO.NET技术实现系统数据通信,完成PC机与下位机之间数据的传输,对测量结果进行显示存储,同时通过系统误差分析完成系统的可行性判断。     

整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂高速摄影分析

为了研究整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂运动机理,研制了甘蔗收获机内物流排杂试验台,并利用高速摄像机拍摄了甘蔗与蔗叶在物流通道内的运动全过程,并对图像进行分析。结果表明,甘蔗在物流运动过程中发生弹跳、扭转和弯曲变形,在剥叶运动过程中发生断尾,并且通过排杂装置将蔗叶与甘蔗分离后排出。通过建立甘蔗收获机内各部件元件与甘蔗、蔗叶的简化力学模型,结合甘蔗和蔗叶的力学特性分析了甘蔗和蔗叶在物流通道内的运动机理。甘蔗在物流运动中主要受到的作用力为各部件对甘蔗的轴向力、垂直于甘蔗运动方向的切向力和摩擦力。     

Practical Method of High-Speed Access for Medical Digital Image Sequences

The high-speed access for medical digital image sequences was restricted to special device and complicated system in the past. The authors present a new method of high-speed access for medical digital image sequences which can be performed on general computer by means of the combination of Serial ATA(SATA) and Redundant Array of Independent Disk(RAID).Then they introduce the scheme of system configuration and software program. Lastly the testing result is given and the speediness,cheapness and conveniency of this method are elucidated.